JMeter functions are special values that can populate fields of any Sampler or other element in a test tree. A function call looks like this:

${__functionName(var1,var2,var3)}

Where "__functionName" matches the name of a function.
Parentheses surround the parameters sent to the function, for example ${__time(YMD)} The actual parameters vary from function to function. Functions that require no parameters can leave off the parentheses, for example ${__threadNum}.

If a function parameter contains a comma, then be sure to escape this with "\", otherwise JMeter will treat it as a parameter delimiter. For example:

	${__time(EEE\, d MMM yyyy)}

If the comma is not escaped - e.g. ${__javaScript(Math.max(2,5))} - you will get an error such as:

	ERROR - jmeter.functions.JavaScript: Error processing Javascript: [Math.max(2] org.mozilla.javascript.EvaluatorException: missing ) after argument list (<cmd>#1)

This is because the string "Math.max(2,5)" is treated as being two parameters to the __javascript function:
Math.max(2 and 5)
Other error messages are possible.

Variables are referenced as follows:

${VARIABLE}

If an undefined function or variable is referenced, JMeter does not report/log an error - the reference is returned unchanged. For example if UNDEF is not defined as a variable, then the value of ${UNDEF} is ${UNDEF}. Variables, functions (and properties) are all case-sensitive. JMeter trims spaces from variable names before use, so for example ${__Random(1,63, LOTTERY )} will use the variable 'LOTTERY' rather than ' LOTTERY '.

Properties are not the same as variables. Variables are local to a thread; properties are common to all threads, and need to be referenced using the __P or __property function.

When using \ before a variable for a windows path for example C:\test\${test}, ensure you escape the \ otherwise JMeter will not interpret the variable, example: C:\\test\\${test}. Alternatively, just use / instead for the path separator - e.g. C:/test/${test} - Windows JVMs will convert the separators as necessary.

List of functions, loosely grouped into types.

Type of function	Name	Comment	Since
Information	threadNum	get thread number	1.X
Information	threadGroupName	get thread group name	4.1
Information	samplerName	get the sampler name (label)	2.5
Information	machineIP	get the local machine IP address	2.6
Information	machineName	get the local machine name	1.X
Information	time	return current time in various formats	2.2
Information	timeShift	return a date in various formats with the specified amount of seconds/minutes/hours/days added	3.3
Information	log	log (or display) a message (and return the value)	2.2
Information	logn	log (or display) a message (empty return value)	2.2
Input	StringFromFile	read a line from a file	1.9
Input	FileToString	read an entire file	2.4
Input	CSVRead	read from CSV delimited file	1.9
Input	XPath	Use an XPath expression to read from a file	2.0.3
Calculation	counter	generate an incrementing number	1.X
Formatting	dateTimeConvert	Convert a date or time from source to target format	4.0
Calculation	digest	Generate a digest (SHA-1, SHA-256, MD5...)	4.0
Calculation	intSum	add int numbers	1.8.1
Calculation	longSum	add long numbers	2.3.2
Calculation	Random	generate a random number	1.9
Calculation	RandomDate	generate random date within a specific date range	3.3
Calculation	RandomFromMultipleVars	extracts an element from the values of a set of variables separated by |	3.1
Calculation	RandomString	generate a random string	2.6
Calculation	UUID	generate a random type 4 UUID	2.9
Scripting	groovy	run a Groovy script	3.1
Scripting	BeanShell	run a BeanShell script	1.X
Scripting	javaScript	process JavaScript (Nashorn)	1.9
Scripting	jexl2	evaluate a Commons Jexl2 expression	jexl2(2.1.1)
Scripting	jexl3	evaluate a Commons Jexl3 expression	jexl3 (3.0)
Properties	isPropDefined	Test if a property exists	4.0
Properties	property	read a property	2.0
Properties	P	read a property (shorthand method)	2.0
Properties	setProperty	set a JMeter property	2.1
Variables	split	Split a string into variables	2.0.2
Variables	eval	evaluate a variable expression	2.3.1
Variables	evalVar	evaluate an expression stored in a variable	2.3.1
Properties	isVarDefined	Test if a variable exists	4.0
Variables	V	evaluate a variable name	2.3RC3
String	char	generate Unicode char values from a list of numbers	2.3.3
String	changeCase	Change case following different modes	4.0
String	escapeHtml	Encode strings using HTML encoding	2.3.3
String	escapeOroRegexpChars	quote meta chars used by ORO regular expression	2.9
String	escapeXml	Encode strings using XMl encoding	3.2
String	regexFunction	parse previous response using a regular expression	1.X
String	unescape	Process strings containing Java escapes (e.g. \n & \t)	2.3.3
String	unescapeHtml	Decode HTML-encoded strings	2.3.3
String	urldecode	Decode a application/x-www-form-urlencoded string	2.10
String	urlencode	Encode a string to a application/x-www-form-urlencoded string	2.10
String	TestPlanName	Return name of current test plan	2.6

20.1 What can functions do

There are two kinds of functions: user-defined static values (or variables), and built-in functions. User-defined static values allow the user to define variables to be replaced with their static value when a test tree is compiled and submitted to be run. This replacement happens once at the beginning of the test run. This could be used to replace the DOMAIN field of all HTTP requests, for example - making it a simple matter to change a test to target a different server with the same test. Note that variables cannot currently be nested; i.e. ${Var${N}} does not work. The __V (variable) function can be used to do this: ${__V(Var${N})}. You can also use ${__BeanShell(vars.get("Var${N}")}. This type of replacement is possible without functions, but was less convenient and less intuitive. It required users to create default config elements that would fill in blank values of Samplers. Variables allow one to replace only part of any given value, not just filling in blank values. With built-in functions users can compute new values at run-time based on previous response data, which thread the function is in, the time, and many other sources. These values are generated fresh for every request throughout the course of the test. Functions are shared between threads. Each occurrence of a function call in a test plan is handled by a separate function instance.

20.2 Where can functions and variables be used?

Functions and variables can be written into any field of any test component (apart from the TestPlan - see below). Some fields do not allow random strings because they are expecting numbers, and thus will not accept a function. However, most fields will allow functions. Functions which are used on the Test Plan have some restrictions. JMeter thread variables will have not been fully set up when the functions are processed, so variable names passed as parameters will not be set up, and variable references will not work, so split() and regex() and the variable evaluation functions won't work. The threadNum() function won't work (and does not make sense at test plan level). The following functions should work OK on the test plan: intSum longSum machineName BeanShell groovy javaScript jexl2/jexl3 random time property functions log functions Configuration elements are processed by a separate thread. Therefore functions such as __threadNum do not work properly in elements such as User Defined Variables. Also note that variables defined in a UDV element are not available until the element has been processed. When using variable/function references in SQL code (etc.), remember to include any necessary quotes for text strings, i.e. use SELECT item from table where name='${VAR}' not SELECT item from table where name=${VAR} (unless VAR itself contains the quotes)

20.3 How to reference variables and functions

Referencing a variable in a test element is done by bracketing the variable name with '${' and '}'. Functions are referenced in the same manner, but by convention, the names of functions begin with "__" to avoid conflict with user value names*. Some functions take arguments to configure them, and these go in parentheses, comma-delimited. If the function takes no arguments, the parentheses can be omitted. Argument values that themselves contain commas should be escaped as necessary. If you need to include a comma in your parameter value, escape it like so: '\,'. This applies for example to the scripting functions - Javascript, Beanshell, Jexl, groovy - where it is necessary to escape any commas that may be needed in script method calls - e.g. ${__BeanShell(vars.put("name"\,"value"))} Alternatively, you can define your script as a variable, e.g. on the Test Plan: SCRIPT vars.put("name","value") The script can then be referenced as follows: ${__BeanShell(${SCRIPT})} There is no need to escape commas in the SCRIPT variable because the function call is parsed before the variable is replaced with its value. This works well in conjunction with the JSR223 or BeanShell Samplers, as these can be used to test Javascript, Jexl and BeanShell scripts. Functions can reference variables and other functions, for example ${__XPath(${__P(xpath.file),${XPATH})} will use the property "xpath.file" as the file name and the contents of the variable XPATH as the expression to search for. JMeter provides a tool to help you construct function calls for various built-in functions, which you can then copy-paste. It will not automatically escape values for you, since functions can be parameters to other functions, and you should only escape values you intend as literal. If a string contains a backslash('\') and also contains a function or variable reference, the backslash will be removed if it appears before '$' or ',' or '\'. This behaviour is necessary to allow for nested functions that include commas or the string ${. Backslashes before '$' or ',' or '\' are not removed if the string does not contain a function or variable reference. The value of a variable or function can be reported using the __logn() function. The __logn() function reference can be used anywhere in the test plan after the variable has been defined. Alternatively, the Java Request sampler can be used to create a sample containing variable references; the output will be shown in the appropriate Listener. Note there is a Debug Sampler that can be used to display the values of variables etc. in the Tree View Listener. *If you define a user-defined static variable with the same name as a built-in function, your static variable will override the built-in function.

20.4 The Function Helper Dialog

The Function Helper dialog is available from JMeter's Tools menu. Function Helper Dialog Using the Function Helper, you can select a function from the pull down, and assign values for its arguments. The left column in the table provides a brief description of the argument, and the right column is where you write in the value for that argument. Different functions take different arguments. Once you have done this, click the "generate" button, and the appropriate string is generated for you to copy-paste into your test plan wherever you like.

20.5 Functions

20.5.1 __regexFunction The Regex Function is used to parse the previous response (or the value of a variable) using any regular expression (provided by user). The function returns the template string with variable values filled in. The __regexFunction can also store values for future use. In the sixth parameter, you can specify a reference name. After this function executes, the same values can be retrieved at later times using the syntax for user-defined values. For instance, if you enter "refName" as the sixth parameter you will be able to use: ${refName} to refer to the computed result of the second parameter ("Template for the replacement string") parsed by this function ${refName_g0} to refer to the entire match parsed by this function. ${refName_g1} to refer to the first group parsed by this function. ${refName_g#} to refer to the nth group parsed by this function. ${refName_matchNr} to refer to the number of groups found by this function. If using distributed testing, ensure you switch mode (see jmeter.properties) so that it's not a stripping one, see Bug 56376 Parameters Attribute Description Required First argument The first argument is the regular expression to be applied to the response data. It will grab all matches. Any parts of this expression that you wish to use in your template string, be sure to surround in parentheses. Example: <a href="(.*)">. This will grab the value of the link and store it as the first group (there is only 1 group). Another example: <input type="hidden" name="(.*)" value="(.*)">. This will grab the name as the first group, and the value as the second group. These values can be used in your template string Yes Second argument This is the template string that will replace the function at run-time. To refer to a group captured in the regular expression, use the syntax: $[group_number]$. I.e.: $1$, or $2$. Your template can be any string. Yes Third argument The third argument tells JMeter which match to use. Your regular expression might find numerous matches. You have four choices: An integer - Tells JMeter to use that match. '1' for the first found match, '2' for the second, and so on RAND - Tells JMeter to choose a match at random. ALL - Tells JMeter to use all matches, and create a template string for each one and then append them all together. This option is little used. A float number between 0 and 1 - tells JMeter to find the Xth match using the formula: (number_of_matches_found * float_number) rounded to nearest integer. No, default=1 Fourth argument If 'ALL' was selected for the above argument value, then this argument will be inserted between each appended copy of the template value. No Fifth argument Default value returned if no match is found No Sixth argument A reference name for reusing the values parsed by this function. Stored values are ${refName} (the replacement template string) and ${refName_g#} where "#" is the group number from the regular expression ("0" can be used to refer to the entire match). No Seventh argument Input variable name. If specified, then the value of the variable is used as the input instead of using the previous sample result. No 20.5.2 __counter The counter generates a new number each time it is called, starting with 1 and incrementing by +1 each time. The counter can be configured to keep each simulated user's values separate, or to use the same counter for all users. If each user's values is incremented separately, that is like counting the number of iterations through the test plan. A global counter is like counting how many times that request was run. The counter uses an integer variable to hold the count, which therefore has a maximum of 2,147,483,647. The counter function instances are completely independent. The global counter - "FALSE" - is separately maintained by each counter instance. Multiple __counter function calls in the same iteration won't increment the value further. If you want to have a count that increments for each sample, use the function in a Pre-Processor such as User Parameters. Parameters Attribute Description Required First argument TRUE if you wish each simulated user's counter to be kept independent and separate from the other users. FALSE for a global counter. Yes Second argument A reference name for reusing the value created by this function. Stored values are of the form ${refName}. This allows you to keep one counter and refer to its value in multiple places. No 20.5.3a __threadNum The thread number function simply returns the number of the thread currently being executed. These numbers are only locally unique with respect to their ThreadGroup, meaning thread #1 in one threadgroup is indistinguishable from thread #1 in another threadgroup, from the point of view of this function. The function returns a number between one and the max number of running threads. Note that if you're using JSR223 code with JMeterContext object (ctx variable), the below code returns a number between zero and (max number of running threads minus one) ctx.getThreadNum() There are no arguments for this function. Usage Example: ${__threadNum} returns a number between 1 and the max number of running threads configured in the containing Thread Group This function does not work in any Configuration elements (e.g. User Defined Variables) as these are run from a separate thread. Nor does it make sense to use it on the Test Plan. 20.5.3b __threadGroupName The thread group name function simply returns the name of the thread group being executed. There are no arguments for this function. Usage Example: ${__threadGroupName} This function does not work in any Configuration elements (e.g. User Defined Variables) as these are run from a separate thread. Nor does it make sense to use it on the Test Plan. 20.5.4a __intSum The intSum function can be used to compute the sum of two or more integer values. The reference name is optional, but it must not be a valid integer. Parameters Attribute Description Required First argument The first int value. Yes Second argument The second int value. Yes nth argument The nth int value. No last argument A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. If specified, the reference name must contain at least one non-numeric character otherwise it will be treated as another int value to be added. No Examples: ${__intSum(2,5,MYVAR)} will return 7 (2+5) and store the result in MYVAR variable. So ${MYVAR} will be equal to 7. ${__intSum(2,5,7)} will return 14 (2+5+7) and store the result in MYVAR variable. ${__intSum(1,2,5,${MYVAR})} will return 16 if MYVAR value is equal to 8, 1+2+5+${MYVAR}) 20.5.4b __longSum The longSum function can be used to compute the sum of two or more long values, use this instead of __intSum whenever you know your values will not be in the interval -2147483648 to 2147483647. Parameters Attribute Description Required First argument The first long value. Yes Second argument The second long value. Yes nth argument The nth long value. No last argument A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. If specified, the reference name must contain at least one non-numeric character otherwise it will be treated as another long value to be added. No Examples: ${__longSum(2,5,MYVAR)} will return 7 (2+5) and store the result in MYVAR variable. So ${MYVAR} will be equal to 7. ${__longSum(2,5,7)} will return 14 (2+5+7) and store the result in MYVAR variable. ${__longSum(1,2,5,${MYVAR})} will return 16 if MYVAR value is equal to 8, 1+2+5+${MYVAR}) 20.5.5 __StringFromFile The StringFromFile function can be used to read strings from a text file. This is useful for running tests that require lots of variable data. For example when testing a banking application, 100s or 1000s of different account numbers might be required. See also the CSV Data Set Config test element which may be easier to use. However, that does not currently support multiple input files. Each time it is called it reads the next line from the file. All threads share the same instance, so different threads will get different lines. When the end of the file is reached, it will start reading again from the beginning, unless the maximum loop count has been reached. If there are multiple references to the function in a test script, each will open the file independently, even if the file names are the same. [If the value is to be used again elsewhere, use different variable names for each function call.] Function instances are shared between threads, and the file is (re-)opened by whatever thread happens to need the next line of input, so using the threadNumber as part of the file name will result in unpredictable behaviour. If an error occurs opening or reading the file, then the function returns the string "**ERR**" Parameters Attribute Description Required File Name Path to the file name. (The path can be relative to the JMeter launch directory) If using optional sequence numbers, the path name should be suitable for passing to DecimalFormat. See below for examples. Yes Variable Name A reference name - refName - for reusing the value created by this function. Stored values are of the form ${refName}. Defaults to "StringFromFile_". No Start sequence number Initial Sequence number (if omitted, the End sequence number is treated as a loop count) No End sequence number Final sequence number (if omitted, sequence numbers can increase without limit) No The file name parameter is resolved when the file is opened or re-opened. The reference name parameter (if supplied) is resolved every time the function is executed. Using sequence numbers: When using the optional sequence numbers, the path name is used as the format string for java.text.DecimalFormat. The current sequence number is passed in as the only parameter. If the optional start number is not specified, the path name is used as is. Useful formatting sequences are: # insert the number, with no leading zeros or spaces 000 insert the number packed out to three digits with leading zeros if necessary Usage of format strings Here are a few format strings and the corresponding sequences they will generate. pin#'.'dat Will generate the digits without leading zeros and treat the dot literally like pin1.dat, …, pin9.dat, pin10.dat, …, pin9999.dat pin000'.'dat Will generate leading zeros while keeping the dot. When the numbers start having more digits then those three digits that this format suggests, the sequence will use more digits as can be seen in pin001.dat, … pin099.dat, …, pin999.dat, …, pin9999.dat pin'.'dat# Will append digits without leading zeros while keeping the dot and generate pin.dat1, …, pin.dat9, …, pin.dat999 If more digits are required than there are formatting characters, the number will be expanded as necessary. To prevent a formatting character from being interpreted, enclose it in single quotes. Note that "." is a formatting character, and must be enclosed in single quotes (though #. and 000. work as expected in locales where the decimal point is also ".") In other locales (e.g. fr), the decimal point is "," - which means that "#." becomes "nnn,". See the documentation for DecimalFormat for full details. If the path name does not contain any special formatting characters, the current sequence number will be appended to the name, otherwise the number will be inserted according to the formatting instructions. If the start sequence number is omitted, and the end sequence number is specified, the sequence number is interpreted as a loop count, and the file will be used at most "end" times. In this case the filename is not formatted. ${__StringFromFile(PIN#'.'DAT,,1,2)} - reads PIN1.DAT, PIN2.DAT ${__StringFromFile(PIN.DAT,,,2)} - reads PIN.DAT twice Note that the "." in PIN.DAT above should not be quoted. In this case the start number is omitted, so the file name is used exactly as is. 20.5.6a __machineName The machineName function returns the local host name. This uses the Java method InetAddress.getLocalHost() and passes it to getHostName() Parameters Attribute Description Required Variable Name A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Examples: ${__machineName()} will return the host name of the machine ${__machineName} will return the host name of the machine 20.5.6b __machineIP The machineIP function returns the local IP address. This uses the Java method InetAddress.getLocalHost() and passes it to getHostAddress() Parameters Attribute Description Required Variable Name A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Examples: ${__machineIP()} will return the IP address of the machine ${__machineIP} will return the IP address of the machine 20.5.7 __javaScript The javaScript function executes a piece of JavaScript (not Java!) code and returns its value The JMeter Javascript function calls a standalone JavaScript interpreter. Javascript is used as a scripting language, so you can do calculations etc. javaScript is not the best scripting language for performances in JMeter. If your plan requires a high number of threads it is advised to use __jexl3 or __groovy functions. For Nashorn Engine, please see Java Platform, Standard Edition Nashorn User's Guide. For Rhino engine, please see Mozilla Rhino Overview The following variables are made available to the script: log - the Logger for the function ctx - JMeterContext object vars - JMeterVariables object threadName - String containing the current thread name sampler - current Sampler object (if any) sampleResult - previous SampleResult object (if any) props - JMeterProperties (class java.util.Properties) object Rhinoscript allows access to static methods via its Packages object. See the Scripting Java documentation. For example one can access the JMeterContextService static methods thus: Java.type("org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterContextService").getTotalThreads() JMeter is not a browser, and does not interpret the JavaScript in downloaded pages. Parameters Attribute Description Required Expression The JavaScript expression to be executed. For example: new Date() - return the current date and time Math.floor(Math.random()*(${maxRandom}+1)) - a random number between 0 and the variable maxRandom ${minRandom}+Math.floor(Math.random()*(${maxRandom}-${minRandom}+1)) - a random number between the variables minRandom and maxRandom "${VAR}"=="abcd" Yes Variable Name A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Remember to include any necessary quotes for text strings and JMeter variables. Also, if the expression has commas, please make sure to escape them. For example in: ${__javaScript('${sp}'.slice(7\,99999))} the comma after 7 is escaped. Examples: ${__javaScript(new Date())} will return Sat Jan 09 2016 16:22:15 GMT+0100 (CET) ${__javaScript(new Date(),MYDATE)} will return Sat Jan 09 2016 16:22:15 GMT+0100 (CET) and store it under variable MYDATE ${__javaScript(Math.floor(Math.random()*(${maxRandom}+1)),MYRESULT)} will use maxRandom variable, return a random value between 0 and maxRandom and store it in MYRESULT ${__javaScript(${minRandom}+Math.floor(Math.random()*(${maxRandom}-${minRandom}+1)),MYRESULT)} will use maxRandom and minRandom variables, return a random value between maxRandom and minRandom and store it under variable MYRESULT ${__javaScript("${VAR}"=="abcd",MYRESULT)} will compare the value of VAR variable with abcd, return true or false and store the result in MYRESULT 20.5.8 __Random The random function returns a random number that lies between the given min and max values. Parameters Attribute Description Required Minimum value A number Yes Maximum value A bigger number Yes Variable Name A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Examples: ${__Random(0,10)} will return a random number between 0 and 10 ${__Random(0,10, MYVAR)} will return a random number between 0 and 10 and store it in MYVAR. ${MYVAR} will contain the random number 20.5.8 __RandomDate The RandomDate function returns a random date that lies between the given start date and end date values. Parameters Attribute Description Required Time format Format string for DateTimeFormatter (default yyyy-MM-dd) No Start date The start date, the default is now No End date The end date Yes Locale to use for format The string format of a locale. The language code must be lowercase. The country code must be uppercase. The separator must be an underscore, e.g. en_EN. See http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/javase7locales-334809.html. If omitted, by default the function uses the Apache JMeter locale one. No Name of variable The name of the variable to set. No Examples: ${__RandomDate(,,2050-07-08,,)} will return a random date between now and 2050-07-08. For example 2039-06-21 ${__RandomDate(dd MM yyyy,,08 07 2050,,)} will return a random date with a custom format like 04 03 2034 20.5.8 __RandomString The RandomString function returns a random String of length using characters in chars to use. Parameters Attribute Description Required Length A number length of generated String Yes Characters to use Chars used to generate String No Variable Name A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Examples: ${__RandomString(5)} will return a random string of 5 characters which can be readable or not ${__RandomString(10,abcdefg)} will return a random string of 10 characters picked from abcdefg set, like cdbgdbeebd or adbfeggfad, … ${__RandomString(6,a12zeczclk, MYVAR)} will return a random string of 6 characters picked from a12zeczclk set and store the result in MYVAR, MYVAR will contain string like 2z22ak or z11kce, … 20.5.8 __RandomFromMultipleVars The RandomFromMultipleVars function returns a random value based on the variable values provided by Source Variables. The variables can be simple or multi-valued as they can be generated by the following extractors: Boundary Extractor Regular Expression Extractor CSS Selector Extractor JSON Extractor XPath Extractor XPath2 Extractor Multi-value vars are the ones that are extracted when you set -1 for Match Numbers. This leads to creation of match number variable called varName_matchNr and for each value to the creation of variable varName_n where n = 1, 2, 3 etc. Parameters Attribute Description Required Source Variables Variable names separated by | that contain the values that will be used as input for random computation Yes Variable Name A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Examples: ${__RandomFromMultipleVars(val)} will return a random string based on content of variable val taking into account wether they are multi-value or not ${__RandomFromMultipleVars(val1|val2)} will return a random string based on content of variables val1 and val2 taking into account wether they are multi-value or not ${__RandomFromMultipleVars(val1|val2, MYVAR)} will return a random string based on content of variables val1 and val2 taking into account wether they are multi-value or not and store the result in MYVAR 20.5.8 __UUID The UUID function returns a pseudo random type 4 Universally Unique IDentifier (UUID). Parameters Attribute Description Required Examples: ${__UUID()} will return UUIDs with this format : c69e0dd1-ac6b-4f2b-8d59-5d4e8743eecd 20.5.8 __CSVRead The CSVRead function returns a string from a CSV file (c.f. StringFromFile) NOTE: JMeter supports multiple file names. In most cases, the newer CSV Data Set Config element is easier to use. When a filename is first encountered, the file is opened and read into an internal array. If a blank line is detected, this is treated as end of file - this allows trailing comments to be used. All subsequent references to the same file name use the same internal array. N.B. the filename case is significant to the function, even if the OS doesn't care, so CSVRead(abc.txt,0) and CSVRead(aBc.txt,0) would refer to different internal arrays. The *ALIAS feature allows the same file to be opened more than once, and also allows for shorter file names. Each thread has its own internal pointer to its current row in the file array. When a thread first refers to the file it will be allocated the next free row in the array, so each thread will access a different row from all other threads. [Unless there are more threads than there are rows in the array.] The function splits the line at every comma by default. If you want to enter columns containing commas, then you will need to change the delimiter to a character that does not appear in any column data, by setting the property: csvread.delimiter Parameters Attribute Description Required File Name The file (or *ALIAS) to read from Yes Column number The column number in the file. 0 = first column, 1 = second etc. "next" - go to next line of file. *ALIAS - open a file and assign it to the alias Yes For example, you could set up some variables as follows: COL1a ${__CSVRead(random.txt,0)} COL2a ${__CSVRead(random.txt,1)}${__CSVRead(random.txt,next)} COL1b ${__CSVRead(random.txt,0)} COL2b ${__CSVRead(random.txt,1)}${__CSVRead(random.txt,next)} This would read two columns from one line, and two columns from the next available line. If all the variables are defined on the same User Parameters Pre-Processor, then the lines will be consecutive. Otherwise, a different thread may grab the next line. The function is not suitable for use with large files, as the entire file is stored in memory. For larger files, use CSV Data Set Config element or StringFromFile. 20.5.9 __property The property function returns the value of a JMeter property. If the property value cannot be found, and no default has been supplied, it returns the property name. When supplying a default value, there is no need to provide a function name - the parameter can be set to null, and it will be ignored. For example: ${__property(user.dir)} - return value of user.dir ${__property(user.dir,UDIR)} - return value of user.dir and save in UDIR ${__property(abcd,ABCD,atod)} - return value of property abcd (or "atod" if not defined) and save in ABCD ${__property(abcd,,atod)} - return value of property abcd (or "atod" if not defined) but don't save it Parameters Attribute Description Required Property Name The property name to be retrieved. Yes Variable Name A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Default Value The default value for the property. No 20.5.10 __P This is a simplified property function which is intended for use with properties defined on the command line. Unlike the __property function, there is no option to save the value in a variable, and if no default value is supplied, it is assumed to be 1. The value of 1 was chosen because it is valid for common test variables such as loops, thread count, ramp up etc. For example: Define the property value: jmeter -Jgroup1.threads=7 -Jhostname1=www.realhost.edu Fetch the values: ${__P(group1.threads)} - return the value of group1.threads ${__P(group1.loops)} - return the value of group1.loops ${__P(hostname,www.dummy.org)} - return value of property hostname or www.dummy.org if not defined In the examples above, the first function call would return 7, the second would return 1 and the last would return www.dummy.org (unless those properties were defined elsewhere!) Parameters Attribute Description Required Property Name The property name to be retrieved. Yes Default Value The default value for the property. If omitted, the default is set to "1". No 20.5.11 __log The log function logs a message, and returns its input string Parameters Attribute Description Required String to be logged A string Yes Log Level OUT, ERR, DEBUG, INFO (default), WARN or ERROR No Throwable text If non-empty, creates a Throwable to pass to the logger No Comment If present, it is displayed in the string. Useful for identifying what is being logged. No The OUT and ERR log level names are used to direct the output to System.out and System.err respectively. In this case, the output is always printed - it does not depend on the current log setting. ${__log(Message)} written to the log file as " … thread Name : Message" ${__log(Message,OUT)} written to console window ${__log(${VAR},,,VAR=)} written to log file as " … thread Name VAR=value" 20.5.12 __logn The logn function logs a message, and returns the empty string Parameters Attribute Description Required String to be logged A string Yes Log Level OUT, ERR, DEBUG, INFO (default), WARN or ERROR No Throwable text If non-empty, creates a Throwable to pass to the logger No The OUT and ERR log level names are used to direct the output to System.out and System.err respectively. In this case, the output is always printed - it does not depend on the current log setting. ${__logn(VAR1=${VAR1},OUT)} write the value of the variable to the console window 20.5.13 __BeanShell The BeanShell function evaluates the script passed to it, and returns the result. For performance it is better to use __groovy function For full details on using BeanShell, please see the BeanShell web-site at http://www.beanshell.org/ Note that a different Interpreter is used for each independent occurrence of the function in a test script, but the same Interpreter is used for subsequent invocations. This means that variables persist across calls to the function. A single instance of a function may be called from multiple threads. However the function execute() method is synchronised. If the property "beanshell.function.init" is defined, it is passed to the Interpreter as the name of a sourced file. This can be used to define common methods and variables. There is a sample init file in the bin directory: BeanShellFunction.bshrc. The following variables are set before the script is executed: log - the Logger for the BeanShell function (*) ctx - JMeterContext object vars - JMeterVariables object props - JMeterProperties (class java.util.Properties) object threadName - the threadName (String) Sampler - the current Sampler, if any SampleResult - the current SampleResult, if any (*) means that this is set before the init file, if any, is processed. Other variables vary from invocation to invocation. Parameters Attribute Description Required BeanShell script A beanshell script (not a file name) Yes Name of variable A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Example: ${__BeanShell(123*456)} returns 56088 ${__BeanShell(source("function.bsh"))} processes the script in function.bsh Remember to include any necessary quotes for text strings and JMeter variables that represent text strings. 20.5.13 __groovy The __groovy function evaluates Apache Groovy scripts passed to it, and returns the result. If the property "groovy.utilities" is defined, it will be loaded by the ScriptEngine. This can be used to define common methods and variables. There is a sample init file in the bin directory: utility.groovy. The following variables are set before the script is executed: log - the Logger for the groovy function (*) ctx - JMeterContext object vars - JMeterVariables object props - JMeterProperties (class java.util.Properties) object threadName - the threadName (String) sampler - the current Sampler, if any prev - the previous SampleResult, if any OUT - System.out (*) means that this is set before the init file, if any, is processed. Other variables vary from invocation to invocation. When using this function please use the variables defined above rather than using string replacement to access a variable in your script. Following this pattern will ensure that your tests are performant by ensuring that the Groovy can be cached. For instance don't do the following: ${__groovy("${myVar}".substring(0\,2))} Imagine that the variable myVar changes with each transaction, the Groovy above cannot be cached as the script changes each time. Instead do the following, which can be cached: ${__groovy(vars.get("myVar").substring(0\,2))} Parameters Attribute Description Required Expression to evaluate A groovy script (not a file name) Argument values that themselves contain commas should be escaped as necessary. If you need to include a comma in your parameter value, escape it like this: '\,' Yes Name of variable A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. No Example: ${__groovy(123*456)} returns 56088 ${__groovy(vars.get("myVar").substring(0\,2))} If var's value is JMeter, it will return JM as it runs String.substring(0,2). Note that , has been escaped to \, Remember to include any necessary quotes for text strings and JMeter variables that represent text strings. 20.5.14 __split The split function splits the string passed to it according to the delimiter, and returns the original string. If any delimiters are adjacent, "?" is returned as the value. The split strings are returned in the variables ${VAR_1}, ${VAR_2} etc. The count of variables is returned in ${VAR_n}. A trailing delimiter is treated as a missing variable, and "?" is returned. Also, to allow it to work better with the ForEach controller, __split now deletes the first unused variable in case it was set by a previous split. Example: Define VAR="a||c|" in the test plan. ${__split(${VAR},VAR,|)} This will return the contents of VAR, i.e. "a||c|" and set the following variables: VAR_n=4 VAR_1=a VAR_2=? VAR_3=c VAR_4=? VAR_5=null Parameters Attribute Description Required String to split A delimited string, e.g. "a|b|c" Yes Name of variable A reference name for reusing the value computed by this function. Yes Delimiter The delimiter character, e.g. |. If omitted, , is used. Note that , would need to be specified as \,. No 20.5.15 __XPath The XPath function reads an XML file and matches the XPath. Each time the function is called, the next match will be returned. At end of file, it will wrap around to the start. If no nodes matched, then the function will return the empty string, and a warning message will be written to the JMeter log file. Note that the entire NodeList is held in memory. Example: ${__XPath(/path/to/build.xml, //target/@name)} This will match all targets in build.xml and return the contents of the next name attribute Parameters Attribute Description Required XML file to parse a XML file to parse Yes XPath a XPath expression to match nodes in the XML file Yes 20.5.16 __setProperty The setProperty function sets the value of a JMeter property. The default return value from the function is the empty string, so the function call can be used anywhere functions are valid. The original value can be returned by setting the optional 3rd parameter to "true". Properties are global to JMeter, so can be used to communicate between threads and thread groups Parameters Attribute Description Required Property Name The property name to be set. Yes Property Value The value for the property. Yes True/False Should the original value be returned? No 20.5.17 __time The time function returns the current time in various formats. Parameters Attribute Description Required Format The format to be passed to SimpleDateFormat. The function supports various shorthand aliases, see below. If omitted, the function returns the current time in milliseconds since the epoch. No Name of variable The name of the variable to set. No If the format string is omitted, then the function returns the current time in milliseconds since the epoch. If the format matches "/ddd" (where ddd are decimal digits), then the function returns the current time in milliseconds divided by the value of ddd. For example, "/1000" returns the current time in seconds since the epoch. Otherwise, the current time is passed to SimpleDateFormat. The following shorthand aliases are provided: YMD = yyyyMMdd HMS = HHmmss YMDHMS = yyyyMMdd-HHmmss USER1 = whatever is in the JMeter property time.USER1 USER2 = whatever is in the JMeter property time.USER2 The defaults can be changed by setting the appropriate JMeter property, e.g. time.YMD=yyMMdd ${__time(dd/MM/yyyy,)} will return 21/01/2018 if ran on 21 january 2018 ${__time(YMD,)} will return 20180121 if ran on 21 january 2018 ${__time()} will return time in millis 1516540541624 20.5.18 __jexl2 The jexl function returns the result of evaluating a Commons JEXL expression. See links below for more information on JEXL expressions. The __jexl2 function uses Commons JEXL 2 JEXL syntax description JEXL examples Parameters Attribute Description Required Expression The expression to be evaluated. For example, 6*(5+2) Yes Name of variable The name of the variable to set. No The following variables are made available to the script: log - the Logger for the function ctx - JMeterContext object vars - JMeterVariables object props - JMeterProperties (class java.util.Properties) object threadName - String containing the current thread name sampler - current Sampler object (if any) sampleResult - previous SampleResult object (if any) OUT - System.out - e.g. OUT.println("message") Jexl can also create classes and call methods on them, for example: Systemclass=log.class.forName("java.lang.System"); now=Systemclass.currentTimeMillis(); Note that the Jexl documentation on the web-site wrongly suggests that "div" does integer division. In fact "div" and "/" both perform normal division. One can get the same effect as follows: i= 5 / 2; i.intValue(); // or use i.longValue() JMeter allows the expression to contain multiple statements. 20.5.19 __jexl3 The jexl function returns the result of evaluating a Commons JEXL expression. See links below for more information on JEXL expressions. The __jexl3 function uses Commons JEXL 3 JEXL syntax description JEXL examples Parameters Attribute Description Required Expression The expression to be evaluated. For example, 6*(5+2) Yes Name of variable The name of the variable to set. No The following variables are made available to the script: log - the Logger for the function ctx - JMeterContext object vars - JMeterVariables object props - JMeterProperties (class java.util.Properties) object threadName - String containing the current thread name sampler - current Sampler object (if any) sampleResult - previous SampleResult object (if any) OUT - System.out - e.g. OUT.println("message") Jexl can also create classes and call methods on them, for example: Systemclass=log.class.forName("java.lang.System"); now=Systemclass.currentTimeMillis(); Note that the Jexl documentation on the web-site wrongly suggests that "div" does integer division. In fact "div" and "/" both perform normal division. One can get the same effect as follows: i= 5 / 2; i.intValue(); // or use i.longValue() JMeter allows the expression to contain multiple statements. 20.5.20 __V The V (variable) function returns the result of evaluating a variable name expression. This can be used to evaluate nested variable references (which are not currently supported). For example, if one has variables A1,A2 and N=1: ${A1} - works OK ${A${N}} - does not work (nested variable reference) ${__V(A${N})} - works OK. A${N} becomes A1, and the __V function returns the value of A1 Parameters Attribute Description Required Variable name The variable to be evaluated. Yes Default value The default value in case no variable found, if it's empty and no variable found function returns the variable name No 20.5.21 __evalVar The evalVar function returns the result of evaluating an expression stored in a variable. This allows one to read a string from a file, and process any variable references in it. For example, if the variable "query" contains "select ${column} from ${table}" and "column" and "table" contain "name" and "customers", then ${__evalVar(query)} will evaluate as "select name from customers". Parameters Attribute Description Required Variable name The variable to be evaluated. Yes 20.5.22 __eval The eval function returns the result of evaluating a string expression. This allows one to interpolate variable and function references in a string which is stored in a variable. For example, given the following variables: name=Smith column=age table=birthdays SQL=select ${column} from ${table} where name='${name}' then ${__eval(${SQL})} will evaluate as "select age from birthdays where name='Smith'". This can be used in conjunction with CSV Dataset, for example where the both SQL statements and the values are defined in the data file. Parameters Attribute Description Required Variable name The variable to be evaluated. Yes 20.5.23 __char The char function returns the result of evaluating a list of numbers as Unicode characters. See also __unescape(), below. This allows one to add arbitrary character values into fields. Parameters Attribute Description Required Unicode character number (decimal or 0xhex) The decimal number (or hex number, if prefixed by 0x, or octal, if prefixed by 0) to be converted to a Unicode character. Yes Examples: ${__char(13,10)} = ${__char(0xD,0xA)} = ${__char(015,012)} = CRLF ${__char(165)} = ¥ (yen) 20.5.24 __unescape The unescape function returns the result of evaluating a Java-escaped string. See also __char() above. This allows one to add characters to fields which are otherwise tricky (or impossible) to define via the GUI. Parameters Attribute Description Required String to unescape The string to be unescaped. Yes Examples: ${__unescape(\r\n)} = CRLF ${__unescape(1\t2)} = 1[tab]2 20.5.25 __unescapeHtml Function to unescape a string containing HTML entity escapes to a string containing the actual Unicode characters corresponding to the escapes. Supports HTML 4.0 entities. For example, the string ${__unescapeHtml(&lt;Fran&ccedil;ais&gt;)} will return <Français>. If an entity is unrecognized, it is left alone, and inserted verbatim into the result string. e.g. ${__unescapeHtml(&gt;&zzzz;x)} will return >&zzzz;x. Uses StringEscapeUtils#unescapeHtml(String) from Commons Lang. Parameters Attribute Description Required String to unescape The string to be unescaped. Yes 20.5.26 __escapeHtml Function which escapes the characters in a String using HTML entities. Supports HTML 4.0 entities. For example, ${__escapeHtml("bread" & "butter")} return: &quot;bread&quot; &amp; &quot;butter&quot;. Uses StringEscapeUtils#escapeHtml(String) from Commons Lang. Parameters Attribute Description Required String to escape The string to be escaped. Yes 20.5.27 __urldecode Function to decode a application/x-www-form-urlencoded string. Note: use UTF-8 as the encoding scheme. For example, the string ${__urldecode(Word+%22school%22+is+%22%C3%A9cole%22+in+french)} returns Word "school" is "école" in french. Uses Java class URLDecoder. Parameters Attribute Description Required String to decode The string with URL encoded chars to decode. Yes 20.5.28 __urlencode Function to encode a string to a application/x-www-form-urlencoded string. For example, the string ${__urlencode(Word "school" is "école" in french)} returns Word+%22school%22+is+%22%C3%A9cole%22+in+french. Uses Java class URLEncoder. Parameters Attribute Description Required String to encode String to encode in URL encoded chars. Yes 20.5.29 __FileToString The FileToString function can be used to read an entire file. Each time it is called it reads the entire file. If an error occurs opening or reading the file, then the function returns the string "**ERR**" Parameters Attribute Description Required File Name Path to the file name. (The path can be relative to the JMeter launch directory) Yes File encoding if not the platform default The encoding to be used to read the file. If not specified, the platform default is used. No Variable Name A reference name - refName - for reusing the value created by this function. Stored values are of the form ${refName}. No The file name, encoding and reference name parameters are resolved every time the function is executed. 20.5.30 __samplerName The samplerName function returns the name (i.e. label) of the current sampler. The function does not work in Test elements that don't have an associated sampler. For example the Test Plan. Configuration elements also don't have an associated sampler. However some Configuration elements are referenced directly by samplers, such as the HTTP Header Manager and Http Cookie Manager, and in this case the functions are resolved in the context of the Http Sampler. Pre-Processors, Post-Processors and Assertions always have an associated Sampler. Example: ${__samplerName()} Parameters Attribute Description Required Variable Name A reference name - refName - for reusing the value created by this function. Stored values are of the form ${refName}. No 20.5.31 __TestPlanName The TestPlanName function returns the name of the current test plan (can be used in Including Plans to know the name of the calling test plan). Example: ${__TestPlanName} will return the file name of your test plan, for example if plan is in a file named Demo.jmx, it will return "Demo.jmx 20.5.32 __escapeOroRegexpChars Function which escapes the ORO Regexp meta characters, it is the equivalent of \Q \E in Java Regexp Engine. For example, ${__escapeOroRegexpChars([^"].+?,)} returns: \[\^\"\]\.\+\?. Uses Perl5Compiler#quotemeta(String) from ORO. Parameters Attribute Description Required String to escape The string to be escaped. Yes Variable Name A reference name - refName - for reusing the value created by this function. Stored values are of the form ${refName}. No 20.5.33 __escapeXml Function which escapes the characters in a String using XML 1.0 entities. For example, ${__escapeXml("bread" & 'butter')} returns: &quot;bread&quot; &amp; &apos;butter&apos;. Uses StringEscapeUtils#escapeXml10(String) from Commons Lang. Parameters Attribute Description Required String to escape The string to be escaped. Yes 20.5.22 __timeShift The timeShift function returns a date in the given format with the specified amount of seconds, minutes, hours, days or months added Parameters Attribute Description Required Format The format to be passed to DateTimeFormatter. See DateTimeFormatter If omitted, the function uses milliseconds since epoch format. No Date to shift Indicate the date in the format set by the parameter 'Format' to shift If omitted, the date is set to now No value to shift Indicate the specified amount of seconds, minutes, hours or days to shift according to a textual representation of a duration such as PnDTnHnMn.nS. See https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/time/Duration.html#parse-java.lang.CharSequence- PT20.345S parses as 20.345 seconds PT15M parses as 15 minutes PT10H parses as 10 hours P2D parses as 2 days -P6H3M parses as -6 hours and -3 minutes No Locale to use for format The string format of a locale. The language code must be lowercase. The country code must be uppercase. The separator must be an underscore. ex: en_EN See http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/javase7locales-334809.html If omitted, by default the function use the ApacheJMeter locale one. No Name of variable The name of the variable to set. No Examples: ${__timeShift(dd/MM/yyyy,21/01/2018,P2D,,)} returns 23/01/2018 ${__timeShift(dd MMMM yyyy,21 février 2018,P2D,fr_FR,)} returns 23 février 2018 20.5.34 __digest The digest function returns an encrypted value in the specific hash algorithm with the optional salt, upper case and variable name. Parameters Attribute Description Required Algorithm The algorithm to be used to encrypt For possible algorithms See MessageDigest in StandardNames MD2 MD5 SHA-1 SHA-224 SHA-256 SHA-384 SHA-512 Spaces are taken into account for Salt to add and String to encode Yes String to encode The String that will be encrypted Yes Salt to add Salt to be added to string (after it) No Upper Case value Result will be in lower case by default. Choose true to upper case results. No Name of variable The name of the variable to set. No Examples: ${__digest(MD5,Errare humanum est,,,)} returns c49f00b92667a35c63708933384dad52 ${__digest(SHA-256,Felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas,mysalt,,)} returns a3bc6900fe2b2fc5fa8a601a4a84e27a079bf2c581d485009bc5c00516729ac7 20.5.35 __dateTimeConvert The __dateTimeConvert function converts a date that is in source format to a target format storing the result optionally in the variable name. Parameters Attribute Description Required Date String The date string to convert from Source Date Format to Target Date Format. A date as a epoch time could be use here if Source Date Format is empty. Yes Source Date Format The original date format. If empty, the Date String field must be a epoch time. No Target Date Format The new date format Yes Name of variable The name of the variable to set. No Example: ${__dateTimeConvert(01212018,MMddyyyy,dd/MM/yyyy,)} returns 21/01/2018 With epoch time value: 1526574881000, ${__dateTimeConvert(1526574881000,,dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm,)} returns 17/05/2018 16:34 in UTC time(-Duser.timezone=GMT) 20.5.36 __isPropDefined The __isPropDefined function returns true if property exists or false if not. Parameters Attribute Description Required Property Name The Property Name to be used to check if defined Yes Example: ${__isPropDefined(START.HMS)} will return true 20.5.37 __isVarDefined The __isVarDefined function returns true if variable exists or false if not. Parameters Attribute Description Required Variable Name The Variable Name to be used to check if defined Yes Example: ${__isVarDefined(JMeterThread.last_sample_ok)} will return true 20.5.38 __changeCase The change case function returns a string value which case has been changed following a specific mode. Result can optionally be saved in a JMeter variable. Parameters Attribute Description Required String to change case The String which case will be changed Yes change case mode The mode to be used to change case, for example for ab-CD eF: UPPER result as AB-CD EF LOWER result as ab-cd ed CAPITALIZE result as Ab-CD eF change case mode is case insensitive Yes Name of variable The name of the variable to set. No Examples: ${__changeCase(Avaro omnia desunt\, inopi pauca\, sapienti nihil,UPPER,)} will return AVARO OMNIA DESUNT, INOPI PAUCA, SAPIENTI NIHIL ${__changeCase(LABOR OMNIA VINCIT IMPROBUS,LOWER,)} will return labor omnia vincit improbus ${__changeCase(omnibus viis romam pervenitur,CAPITALIZE,)} will return Omnibus viis romam pervenitur

20.6 Pre-defined Variables

Most variables are set by calling functions or by test elements such as User Defined Variables; in which case the user has full control over the variable name that is used. However some variables are defined internally by JMeter. These are listed below. COOKIE_cookiename - contains the cookie value (see HTTP Cookie Manager) JMeterThread.last_sample_ok - whether or not the last sample was OK - true/false. Note: this is updated after PostProcessors and Assertions have been run. START variables (see next section)

20.6 Pre-defined Properties

The set of JMeter properties is initialised from the system properties defined when JMeter starts; additional JMeter properties are defined in jmeter.properties, user.properties or on the command line. Some built-in properties are defined by JMeter. These are listed below. For convenience, the START properties are also copied to variables with the same names. START.MS - JMeter start time in milliseconds START.YMD - JMeter start time as yyyyMMdd START.HMS - JMeter start time as HHmmss TESTSTART.MS - test start time in milliseconds Please note that the START variables / properties represent JMeter startup time, not the test start time. They are mainly intended for use in file names etc.